![]() We will also use the on board LED connected to pin 13 and toggle it along with the MOSFET so that we can ensure if the MOSFET is in turned on or off state. When the distance is less than 10cm we have to turn on the MOSFET and else we have to turn off the MOSFET. Mine looked something like this below after making the connections.įor this project we have to write a program which uses the HCSR-04 Ultrasonic sensor to measure the distance of the object in front of it. The whole circuit is simple and hence can be easily build on top of a breadboard. We can then program the Arduino to use the Ultrasonic sensor to measure the distance and turn on the MOSFET when an object is detect. The Echo and Trigger pin is connected to the pin 8 and pin 9 respectively. The Ultrasonic Sensor is powered by the +5V and ground pins of the Arduino. This 1K resistor is used for current limiting purpose. The Arduino pin 12 is used to turn on or off the MOSFET, so the D12 pin is connected to the gate pin through a 1K resistor. To keep the MOSFET turned off when no voltage is applied to gate pin, the gate pin is pulled to ground though a 10k resistor. It will remain off if the gate pin is grounded and will turn on if a gate voltage is applied. The gate pin of the MOSFET is used to turn it on or off. So the solenoid will be powered only if the MOSFET is turned on. The negative terminal of the solenoid is connected to the ground through the MOSFET’s Source and Drain pins. Because we will use a 12V adapter to power the Arduino and thus the Vin pin will output 12V which can be used to control the Solenoid. As shown in the circuit diagram the positive terminal of the solenoid is powered with the Vin pin of the Arduino. It has the 3 pins Gate, Source and Drain from pin 1 respectively. The switching device used in this project is the IRF540N N-Channel MOSFET. As we know an Arduino is a Development board which operates with 5V and hence we need a switching driver circuit for the Solenoid to turn it on and off. That is when the Valve is turned on it will consume about 700mA to keep the valve turned on. The solenoid valve used in this project is a 12V valve with a maximum current rating of 1.2A and a continuous current rating of 700mA. The complete circuit diagram for Arduino based water Dispenser is shown below Learn more about using Ultrasonic sensor with Arduino here. So we will write an Arduino program which always checks if any object is placed near the tap, if yes then the solenoid will be turned on and wait till the object is removed, once the object is removed the solenoid will turn off automatically thus closing the supply of water. ![]() A solenoid valve will be used to control the flow of water, which is when energised the water will flow out and when de-energised the water will be stopped. We will use a HCSR04 Ultrasonic Sensor to check if any object such that the glass is placed before the dispenser. The Concept behind the Automatic Water Dispenser is very simple. So in this project we will build a Automatic Water Dispenser using Arduino and a Solenoid valve that can automatically give you water when a glass is placed near it. If we replace all the manual taps with a smart one that opens and closes on its own automatically not only we can save water but also have a healthier lifestyle since we don’t have to operate the tap with our dirty hands. ![]() So what can be done to stop this? As always the answer, for this, lies with improvement in technology. It might not appear big at the first time, but if your tap dripped a drop of water once every second it would take only about five hours for you to waste one gallon of water, that is enough water for an average human to survive for two days. At one hand there are already minor disputes among nations and states for sharing river water on the other hand we as humans waste a lot of drinking water due to our negligence. With rise in population, pollution and climate change, it is expected that by as soon as 2025 we will experience perennial water shortages. About 71% of earth is covered with water, but sadly only 2.5% of it is drinking water. ![]()
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